Tag Archives: Urubamba

Salt and Agriculture in Moray, Peru

(Urubamba, Peru)

For the first time ever, I celebrated Canada Day in Moray, Peru.  I don’t think this will be a regular thing…but who knows?

We spent the night in Urubamba and headed out to the Moray archaeological ruins.  Unlike some of the other Inca sites I’ll be seeing in Peru, these ones are exclusively agricultural. The Inca (I’ll use this term even though it may not be strictly accurate) made extensive use of terraces for their agriculture.  Not only did this maximize the use of the mountainous land, it also allowed them to slowly acclimatize crops to different altitudes so that they could be planted elsewhere.  Using the position of the land relative to the sun, this technique created a series of microclimates where you would expect to find only one.

Terraces at Moray, Peru.  Notice how small the people are?
Terraces at Moray, Peru. Notice how small the people are?

The Moray site consists of one very large and two smaller-but-still-large concentric and terraced crop areas.  It was fun to wander around the terraces; I had no problem descending down to the bottom but it was still a challenge to climb back up.  I don’t think I have completely adjusted to the altitude yet.

Near the bottom of one of the Moray terraces (Moray, Peru)
Near the bottom of one of the Moray terraces (Moray, Peru)

From the Moray archaeological site, it was a short ride to the Maras salt pans (see overhead view at the top of this post).  It doesn’t sound like a riveting tourist destination but it was a lot more fun than I expected.  Once we got there, that is.  The road to the salt pans was a single lane, gravel road that hugged a cliff edge and had absolutely no guard rail.  I’ve been on some crazy roads this year but this one was the scariest from a structural perspective.  Our driver was more or less prudent here, although he showed some “video game” tendencies the day before when we left Pisac.

Shift change at the Moray Salt Pans (Moray, Peru)
Shift change at the Moray Salt Pans (Moray, Peru)

The salt pans are located just below an underground spring that generates salt water.  As the water flows down to the bottom of the valley, a series of “pans” traps the salt and it is then harvested by hand.  The scale is vast and the collection of salt has been ongoing for hundreds of years.  We were allowed to walk all over the salt pans even though harvesting was taking place.  As a very practical souvenir, I picked up a couple of varieties of Maras salt to take home.  I was able to sample some before buying and it tasted very good on dried plantain.

Harvesting salt at the Maras salt pans (Maras, Peru)
Harvesting salt at the Maras salt pans (Maras, Peru)

By now, we were quite hungry and it was time for another traditional Andean feast.  This time, we were having pachamanca, which is traditionally made by burying the food in the earth along with some extremely hot stones.  However, as this was in a restaurant, a substitute method of simmering all foods together in large clay pots (like a tagine pot on steroids) was used instead.

The pachamanca, just before we helped ourselves (Urubamba, Peru)
The pachamanca, just before we helped ourselves (Urubamba, Peru)

We had some interesting appetizers before the main course, including alpaca carpaccio.   The pachamanca itself contained various unusual potatoes (including oca), tamales, chicken, lamb, pineapple, lima beans (in the pod) and plantain.  There were also a couple of misleading sauces.  One looked like liquid mustard but was actually a mild sauce made from yellow peppers.  Another looked almost like liquid pesto but was made from local herbs (and no garlic).  I cleaned up all of my plates:  it was very heavy food but also delicious.  I’ll be looking for the purple/red flesh potatoes when I get home.

My pachamanca main course (Urubamba, Peru)
My pachamanca main course (Urubamba, Peru)

The rest of the day was enjoyed at a more leisurely pace.  We knew that we had to be up very early on July 2 for our trip to Aguas Calientes, so it wasn’t a late night either.  We are slowly getting closer to Machu Picchu!

Journey to the Sacred Valley

(Urubamba, Peru)

June 30 was an exhausting day…but well worth it.

The alarm was set for 4:00 a.m. so that we could be at the airport in time for a 7:15 a.m. flight to Cusco.  Cusco is located in the Andes at an elevation of 3500 metres above sea level, so it will come as no surprise that the approach to the runway was very interesting.

Lima is essentially at sea level and was about 20’C when we left.  We disembarked to a temperature of 4’C in Cusco although we didn’t feel any altitude-related symptoms.  That would come later!

Hiking above Pisac, Peru
Hiking above Pisac, Peru

I have been skiing at elevations up to 3800m, so I thought I would be OK in Cusco.  However, when we began climbing at the Incan ruins above Pisac, the effects of the altitude kicked in loud and clear.  Each step was an effort – my legs just didn’t want to leave the ground.  There were some steep steps that I normally would be able to sprint up.  Here, though, I had to stop after every four steps.  I also felt vaguely dizzy and felt a headache coming on; most of the classic altitude symptoms were there.

The key difference is that I usually have several days to acclimatize to the extreme altitude while skiing.  One hour is simply not enough time to adapt to the much thinner oxygen.   Nonetheless, I explored the Pisac ruins to the extent I could and really enjoyed being up in the mountains.  The scale is much larger than I had expected, even though Pisac is one of the smaller sites that we’ll be visiting.

Terraces and ruins above Pisac, Peru
Terraces and ruins above Pisac, Peru

Lunch was a communal Andean feast.  I took pictures of nearly every dish and almost everything was spectacular.  The coastal cuisine in Peru is understandably seafood-oriented but the Andean cuisine seems more to my taste.  From quinoa to purple corn beverages, it was all very colourful and very tasty.   I’m looking forward to trying more of this cuisine during my time in the mountains.

Some very hot peppers/tamales at Huchuy Qosqo
Some very hot peppers/tamales at Huchuy Qosqo

After lunch, we journeyed to the Incan ruins above Ollantaytambo (shown at the top of this post).  This was even more impressive than the ruins  above Pisac.  The scale is astonishing, but I think the engineering and the Incan insight into the sun, the earth, etc. are even more surprising part.   When they carved faces into the mountains, they also positioned them so that they would be illuminated on June 21 of each year.   Even without the wheel, they managed to get huge rocks on top of mountains.  They also built their structures to withstand earthquakes, using techniques that are still being used today.

Climbing the ruins at Ollantaytambo, Peru
Climbing the ruins at Ollantaytambo, Peru

I also learned that calling them “Inca” is not entirely correct.  The word “inca” means “king”, but our guide said that it is probably more accurate to call them “Quechua” (after the language that all of the people spoke).  After all, there were only a handful of kings.

Some of the practices are hard to understand from a modern perspective.  For example, when a king died, his servants would have to die too so that they could accompany the king to the next world.

Edge of a cliff above Ollantaytambo, Peru
Edge of a cliff above Ollantaytambo, Peru

I noticed a slight improvement in my altitude situation at Ollantaytambo.  I still was badly winded after climbing the steep steps, but the other symptoms had disappeared.  I should be acclimatized well for Machu Picchu in a couple of days’ time.  Tomorrow, we are going to visit a couple of places near Urubamba and have another Andean feast!